Loom harness



J. KAU FMAN N July 14, 1925. 1,545,904

LOOM .HARNESS July 14, 1925.

my. s.

1,545,904 J. KAUFMANN LOOM HARNES S Filed April 20, 1925 2 Sheets Sheet2 Patente-d July 14, 1925.

" UNiTED ASTATESv PATENT OFFICE. y'

JACOB KAUFMANN, O'F ELKINS` PARK, PENNSYLVANIA., ASSIGNOR TO STEELHEDDLEMANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, CORPORA- TIN OFPENNSYLVANIA. v i

i LOOM HARNESS.

kApplication led April 20, 1923. Serial No. 633,351,y

To all whom t 71mg/ concern:

'Be it known that I, JACOB KAUFMANN, a citizen of the United States,residing at Elkins Park, in the county of Montgomery and State ofPennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Loom(Harness, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to loom fharness, and it relates more particularlyto the construction and arrangement `of the heddles in the heddlevframes for controlling the warp ends for the purpose of formingsuccessive sheds of the warp during the opern ation of the loom. i

rihe object of my invention it to provide an improved form ofconstruction and arrangement of the heddles in the `heddle frames whichis particularly adaptable for close installations for weaving finefabrics, and whereby the warp ends controlled by adjacent frames willmore freely pass the eyes of the heddles during the reciprocation of theframes for the purpose of forming tliefsheds, thereby minimizing, to alarge extent, breakage of the warp ends.

Vhile it should be understood that the underlying' principles of mypresent invention may be used in connection with various types ofheddles, the invention will, however, find its greatest usefulness inconnection with that type of metallic heddles as dis-` tinguished fromcotton or thread harness, which are formed from thin fiat strips ofmetal or wire, having the warp eyes formed in the central portionsthereof by slitting the metal of the strip and `expanding the saine toform the eye through which the warp end passes. t

Heretofore, itl has been recognized by those skilled in the art that agreat deal of breakage of the warp ends occurs Vby reason of theresistance which occurs during the reciprocation of the various heddleframes in the loom, at the particularinstant when the threads controlledby one of the frames passes the warp eyes of the heddles mounted inanother of the heddle frames, this occurring particularly in theweavingof fine fabrics Where the installation of the heddles in the frames isclose, andpwhere the warp is necessarily fine, and therefore more easilybroken. y To overcome the above mentioned uns culty, in soine instanceswhere there were provided a plurality of sets of heddle frames, each setbeing operated in unison to control one set of the warp ends, which wasa more or less clumsy expedient, `and Vwhich led to ,thev subsequentdevelopment of the mounting ofa plurality of sets of heddles in a singleframe, arranged in a pluralityof separated vertical planes. An# otherexpedient subsequently developed comprised the `provision of heddlesoff-set lout of the planes of the supporting bars, and

arranged with the off-setl `portions alternately to one side andanotheig'so as to cause the warpl eyes to lie inseparated verticalplanes.` `TheseQeXpedients, however, have been found insufiicient tofullyaccoinplish the desired purpose, particularly forr ficationsthereof. It should, however, be

understood that my yinvention, is susceptible of embodiment in a varietyof other species and modifications thereof, as will be readilyY apparentto those skilled in` the art upon a proper understanding of theunderlying.

principle of my present invention.

The nature and characteristic features of iny present invention `willbemore'readily understoodffrom the following description,

taken in connection with the accompanying drawings forming part hereof,in which:

igure l is an elevational view of a heddle frame having heddles,constructed and arranged in such manner as to embody the main featuresof my presentinvention, mounted therein; i

Fig.V 2 is a vertical transverse sectional view thereof; and

Figs. 3, 4: and 5 are sectionalviews, similar to Fig. 2, but eachshowing -a modified form of construction and arrangement of the heddles.y r i vReferring to the drawings, the heddle so Y.

frame there shown `consists of the 'top and bottom bars 6, connected attheir ends by means of the side strips 7. Extending from end to end ofthe heddle frame, and arranged` near the top and bottom bars 6 in thelusual manner, are the heddle bars 8 upon which the heddles are mounted.

Referring now more particularly to Figs.

1 and'2 of the drawings, the heddles which are mounted upon kandsupported 'by the 'bars 8 are provided in two sets, 9 and 10,

respectively. The heddles of the set 9 are off-set, as at 11, so as tocause the central portions of said heddles to lie to one side of thevertical plane of the supporting bars 'e 8, while the heddles'of theother jset 1() are similarly off-set,ras at 12,vb'utso as tol cause theV.central portionsk of those heddles to lie to the other side .of theplane of the supporting bars 8. The heddles iare providedwith Y at suchpositions, respectively, that .all of the Y eyes 2O of `the straightcentral heddlesl.A

warp eyes of the set of heddles 9 will lie in a horizontal planedifferent from that `of the warp eyes 14 of the set .of heddles 10.

The heddles are mounted upon .the supporting bars by first placingthereon a heddle V9 of oneset, then a heddle 10 of the other set, thenanother heddle v9 of the first mentioned set, then another heddle 10 ofthe other set, and so on throughout ,the frame.

In theA modification ofthe invention shown in FigQ of the'drawings,there are provided three sets fof heddles, 15, 16 and 17. The heddles 15'are straight throughout their longitudinal extent, and 'preferably vliein the vertical plane of the Xsupporting'bars 8, while Vthe lieddles 16are off-set, as at 18, .to one side of the vertical plane of thelieddles 15 and the supporting bars 8, and lthe heddles 17 are oft-set,as at 19, ,to the other side of the vertical plane of the heddles 15andthe supporting Ybars i8. The warp eyes 2O of the straight'centrallheddlesfl may be located at or about Va central position between theheddles supporting bars 8, andthe warp eyes 21 of the heddlesl' arearranged below the horizontal plane ofthe said warp eyes 2() of thestraight heddles 15, while the warp eyes 22 of the heddles 17 arelocated in a horizontal plane above that ofthe warp 1n this arrangement,the heddlesware preferably mounted upon the supporting bars 8 in amanner somewhat similar to that of` the arrangement shown in Figs 1and72,

namely, a straight central heddle 15 is first mounted upon the bars,then one of the offset hedd-les 16, then one of the off-set heddles 17,then again one of Vthe straight central heddles 15, then one of theoiffset heddle's 16, followed by one lof the Off-set 4heddles 17, and soon throughout the frame.

'The arrangement shown in F ig. 4 of the drawings is somewhat similar tothat shown in Fig. y8, lwith the exception that in this instance thewarp eyes 21 and 22 of the offset heddles 1.6 and 17, respectively, areboth located in a horizontal plane below the plane of the warp eyes 2Oof the straight central heddles .15.

In Fig. '5 of the drawings, there is shown another embodiment .of theinvention, wherein ythe use of ofl'set heddles may be dispensed with. Inthis instance, ythere are provided, at the top and bottom, respectiveily, of the frame, two or more of the heddle supporting bars '8, andthe'heddles in this instance may be substantially straight throughout theirlongitudinal extent, there being provided one set of heddles 28 whichare mounted on -one pair of the supporting bars `8, and another set ofheddles 24 which are mounted on another pair of supporting` bars 8. Thewarp ,eyes 25 of the heddles 23 are in this instance located' in ahorizontal plane different from that of the warp eyes 26 o-f the otherset of heddles 24.

It will be seen that in each of the foregoing arrangements there isprovided, in a single harness frame, a plurality of sets of heddles, thewarp controlling eye portions of which not only lie kin separatedvertical planes, but the respective eyes of each set of heddles also liein separated horizontal planes, and, by this arrangement, as the frameslare reciprocated during the operation of the loom, a greater freedomfor the passage of the warp ends, controlled by the adjacent frames,will be afforded, in thatthe warp eyes being located in a plurality ofdierent horizontal planes, resistance 'to the passage ofthe warp ends,which arc controlled by the other frames, will be greatly minimized, andinthis manner breakage of the warp ends, due to the strain whichordinarily occurs at this point, `will be reduced to Va minimum.

VIt should also be understood that the various for-ms illustrated are,to a certain extent-suggestive merely, and that a variety of other formsor embodiments of the invention will readily occur to those skilled i-nthe art. A

Having thus described the nature Vand characteristic features of myinvention, what I cla-im :as new and desire to secure byjLettersPat-ent, is:

1.111 va loom harness, a harness frame heddle lsupporting bars carriedthereby, and individual yheddles mounted upon said supporting barshaving Warp controlling eyes located in their central portions, the warpcontrollingeyes ot one set ot said heddles being located in one verticaland one horizontal plane and the Warp controlling eyes oi another setbeing located in another and different vertical plane and in another anddiii'erent horizontal plane, and all ofthe Warp controllingeyes arrangedin thelsaine vertical plane being: also arranged in the` sainehorizontal plane.

2. In a loorn harness, a harness trarne, heddle supporting bars carriedthereby, and heddles formed of thin `flat metal or Wire inounted uponsaid supporting bars having warp controlling eyes located in theircentral portions, the Warp controlling eyes of one of said said heddlesbeing arranged in one vertical and one horizontal planeand the Warpcontrolling eyes orn another'set being located in another anddiilerentvertical plane and in another and different horizontal plane, and all ofthe Warp controlling eyes arranged in the saine vertical plane beingalso arranged in the saniehorizontal plane.

3. In a looin harness, a harness trarne, h-eddle supporting bars`carried thereby, and individual heddles mounted upon' said supportingbars and havingivarp controlling eyes located in their centralportionsfthe Warp controlling eys of `one set ofsaid heddles beinglocated in one vertical and one horizontal plane, and the Warpcontrolling eyes of another set being located in a different verticalplane and in a different horizontal plane, all of the Warp controllingeyes arranged in the saine verticalplane being also arranged in thesaine horizontal plane, and the heddles being arranged upon thesupporting bars, in successive series of one ot each set. l 4

ll. In a loom harness, a harness traine heddle supporting bars carriedthereby, and heddles torined of thin flat metal or Wire mounted uponsaid supporting bars and having Warp controlling eyes located in theircentral portions, the Warp controlling eyes oi one set of said heddlesbeing located in one vertical and one horizontal plane, and the Waripcontrolling eyes of another set being located in a different verticalplane and in a diti'erent horizontal plane, all of the Warp controllingeyes arranged in the saine vertical plane being also arranged in thesame horizontal plane, and the heddles being arranged upon thesupporting bars in successive series of one of each set.

5. In a looin harness, a harness frame, heddle supporting bars cariedthereby, and individual heddles mounted upon said supporting bars andhaving Warp controlling eyes located in their central portions, thecentral portions of one set of said heddles being olf-set to one side ofthe vertical plane et the supporting bars and the central portions ot'another set being oit-set to the other side `of said vertical plane ofsaid supporting bars, the Warp controlling eyes of one set of saidheddles being` located in one vertical and one horizontal plane, and theWarp controlling eyes of another set beingV located in a differentvertical plane and in a different horizontal plane, and all of the warpcon.- trolling eyes arranged in the saine vertical plane being alsoarranged in the same horizontal plane.` i

6. In a loom harness,` a harness frame, heddles supporting bars carriedthereby, and and heddles 'formed of thin flat metal or Wire mounted uponsaid supporting bars and having Warp controlling eyes located in theircentral portions, the central Vportions of one set of said heddles beingoil-set to one side ofthe vertical plane of the supporting bars and thecentral portions of another set being off-set to the other side of saidvertical plane of said supporting bars, the Warp controlling eyes of`one set of said heddles being located in Aone vertical and onehorizontalA plane, and the'vvarp controlling eyes of another set beinglocated in a ditlerent vertical plane and in a diiierent horizontalplane, andall of the Warp controlling eyes. arranged in the sainevertical plane being also arranged in the same horizontal plane.

"7. In a vlooin harness, a harness traine, heddle supporting barscarried thereby,` and individual heddles mounted upon said4supsupporting bars and having Warp controlling eyes located in theircentral portions, the central portions of one `set otsaid heddles beingoff-set to one side oi the vertical plane ot' the supporting bars andthe central portions ot another set beingl odset to the other side ofsaid vertical plane of said supporting bars, the Warp controlling eyesot' one set oi' said heddles being located in one vertical and one;horizontal plane,`

and the Warp controlling eyes of another set being located in adifferent vertical plane and in a diierent horizontal plane, all oiE thewarp controlling eyes arranged in the saine vertical plane being alsoarranged in the saine horizontal plane, and the heddles Vbeing arrangedupon the supporting bars in. successive series ot one of each set.

8. In a looin harness, a-harness traine, heddle supporting bars carriedthereby, and heddles forined of thin flat metal or Wire mounted uponsaid sirpporting bars and having Warp controlling eyes located in theircentral portions, the central portions of one set ofsa-id heddles beingoff-set to one side of the vertical plane of the supporting bars and thecentral portions of another set being oil-set to the other side of saidvvertical plane of said supporting bars, the Warp controlling eyes ofonevset of said heddles being located in one vertical and one horizontalplane, and the Warpcontrolling eyes of another set beingflocated in adifferent vertical plane and in a different horizontal pla-ne, all ofthe Warp controlling eyes arranged in the saine vertical `plane beingalso arranged in the sanie horizontal plane, and the heddles beinglarranged upon the supporting bars in successive series of one or eachset.

9. In a looni harness, a harness frame, heddle supporting bars carriedthereby,-and heddles mounted upon said supporting bars in a plurality ofsets having Warp controlling eyes located in their central portions, thecentral portions of one set of `said heddles being arranged in thevertical plane of the supporting bars, the centralportions of anotherset of said heddles being oft-set to one side of the vertical plane ofsaid supporting bars, and the central portions of lanother Vset beingoit-set to the other sideof said vertical plane of said supporting bars,kthe Warp controlling eyes or one set of said heddles being arranged inone horizontal plane and the Warp controlling eyes of another set beinglocated in another horizontal lane. ,i

10. In a loom harness, a. harness fra-ine heddle supporting barscarriedthereby, and heddles formed of thin flat nietal or vWire niounted uponsaid supporting bars in a- Y bars, and the central portions of anotherset being ott-set to the other side of said vertical plane of saidsupporting bars, the Warp controlling eyes of one set of said heddlesbeing arranged in one horizontal plane and the Warp controlling eyes ofanother set being located in another horizontal plane.

11. In a loom harness, a harness frame,

kin a plurality of sets having Warp controlling eyes located in theircentr-al portions, the central portions of one set .of said heddlesbeing arranged in the vertical plane of the supporting bars, the centralportions of another lset ot' said heddles being olf-set to one sideofthe vertical plane of said supporting bars, and the central portions ofvanotherset being off-set to the other side of said vertical plane ofsaid supporting bars, the Warp controlling eyes ,of one set of saidheddles being arranged in one horizontal plane and the lWarp controllingeyes of another set being loc-ated in another horizontal plane, andthelieddles 'being arranged upon the supporting bars in successiveseries of one of each set.

l2. a looni harness, a harness traine, heddlesnpporting bars carriedthereby, and heddles -formed of thin flat metal or Wire -lnounted uponsaid supporting bars in a plurality ofvsets having -Warp controllingeyes located in their central portions, the central portions otono setof said heddles being arranged in the vertical plane-of the supportingbars, the central portions of another -set of said heddles being off-setto one side of the vertical plane ,of said supporting bars, and thecentral portions of another set being o-set to the other side of saidVertical plane of said supporting bars,

the warp controlling eyes of one set of said heddles being arranged inone horizontal plane and the Warp controlling eyes of another set beinglocated in another horizon- `tal plane, and the heddles being arrangedupon'the Supporting bars in successive series of one ot each set.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name.

`JACOB KAUFMANN.

